“In almost every task involving form, there are dozens of contradictory elements, which need to be forced to work in harmony by man’s will. This harmony can be achieved only through art”

— Alvar Aalto, Architect of the Paimio Sanatorium, Finland

Humanizing the hospital: Design lessons from a Finnish sanatorium

Source: Diana Anderson, MD MArch, Copyright © 1995-2010, Canadian Medical Association, National Library of Medicine

It is no secret that Architecture and Design can significantly impact the well-being and recovery of individuals in healthcare environments. Architect Alvar Aalto was a proponent of this idea when he designed the Paimio Sanatorium for Tuberculosis in Finland in 1929. The design was not overly fancy, nor was it costly. He considered the environment and surroundings of the sanatorium, and integrated the outside with the interiors.

What could the patients see? From almost every window and balcony, natural light and views of nature - proven to stabilise mood and reduce cortisol levels (stress hormone). Incorporating large windows, outdoor gardens, access to fresh air and green spaces created a healing environment that promoted faster recovery times for patients. Colors with soft, soothing tones have a significant impact on emotional regulation and behavior, reducing anxiety and promote relaxation.

Research has shown that spaces that promote social interaction, connection and allow for decision making (e.g. a choice of places to walk outside and hear the birds, rest in the sun, or spend time with visitors) help patients maintain a sense of autonomy and independence.

Designing communal areas where patients, families, and staff can gather strengthens the community within the facility , while providing quiet spaces for rest and solitude when needed allows individuals to have moments of quiet reflection and relaxation, further enhancing the healing environment.

The importance of thoughtful and intentional design in healthcare environments cannot be underestimated in the role of recovery. Understanding the automatic role of our senses, and harnessing the interaction between them is at the core of our work at Asylum. This field of design is not new, but almost a century on, the public’s understanding of it’s value is still emerging.